Three Rules For A Good Book Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper The two books that I read this summer are: # 8220 ; California Blue # 8221 ; by David Klass, and # 8220 ; Mr. Tucket # 8221 ; by Gary Paulsen. # 8221 ; There are three regulations for composing a good book. Unfortunately no 1 knows what they are # 8221 ; . That quotation mark was said by W. Somerset Maugham. Every Writer has their ain three regulations. I came up with my ain. The three regulations that I think are the most important.The first regulation that I think every book should hold is a good gap sentence, and the whole construction of the beginning has to be good. In the first sentence the Writer has to catch the reader, so that the reader will desire to maintain on reading. In the first book that I read # 8220 ; Mr. Tucket # 8221 ; by Gary Paulsen, the Author started out with this sentence # 8220 ; Francis Alphonse Tucket came back to life easy # 8221 ; . This is a good starting sentence because it makes the reader inquire what had happened earlier. We will write a custom essay sample on Three Rules For A Good Book Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What happened that made Francis unconscious, or possibly he was dead, and was brought back to life utilizing smoked of a Alien device. At this point no 1 knows. You have to read on to happen out, and before you notice it you are half manner into the book. However in the 2nd book that I read by David Klass # 8220 ; California Blue # 8221 ; the Author took a whole different attack. He started with this sentence # 8220 ; I don # 8217 ; Ts know why running through a redwood wood ever made me believe of decease # 8221 ; . In this instance the Author started in the center of the book. This is the first clip when I read a book that started like that. It was sort of confusing because I didn # 8217 ; t cognize what was traveling on, until the Author started traveling back and stating what happened to the character that made him run through the forests, and than he continued on with the book. It makes the reader want to maintain on reading to happen out what is traveling on. To happen out why is the character running through the forests, is somebody trailing him? Both of these books do the reader inquire what is traveling to go on next, they grab the reader and do him read on. Books with good gap sentences are the 1s that get read in one sitting.The 2nd regulation that I think is really of import is a good topic. The topic has to be interesting, so that the reader would be interested in reading the book. The writer has to pick a topic that would involvement the reader. Every reader likes something different. Personally I like books that I can either associate to or books that have action in them. The book # 8220 ; Mr. Tucket # 8221 ; by Gary Paulsen, is about cowpunchers and Indians. They shoot guns all the clip. Mr. Tucket is a 14 twelvemonth old bo Y who is kidnapped by Pawnee Indians, he gets rescued my Mr. Grimes. Mr. Grimes teaches him how to last in the wild. While making that they get chased by Indians, about killed by a bear, Mr. Grimes gets changeable, and so on. This book is like an action drive from get downing to stop. However the 2nd book that I read is manner different. It is more religious. # 8220 ; California Blue # 8221 ; by David Klass is about a immature male child who gets cough up in lives jobs. As a adolescent he is interested in running the path, and butterflies. Neither of there chase are understood by his household. He likes running the path, while his pa and brother ever play football. They expect him to wish football excessively. This book is the sort of a book that I can associate excessively. My household neer understands what I like and what I want to make. My parents ever expect me to be person that I # 8217 ; m non. That is why I picked this book to read, I could associate to it. Picking a topic for a book International Relations and Security Network # 8217 ; t ever easy. Whatever the Writer chooses is neer traveling to fulfill everyone.The last regulation that is besides of import is the subject, or moral. Subject is what you get out of the book, what you learn from it. Reading a book and non acquiring anything out of it would be pointless. Every book has a lesson to larn from it. Reading # 8220 ; California Blue # 8221 ; tough me allot. It thought me how to cover with lives jobs, and to ever travel for what you think is right, non for that what everyone else thinks. For illustration: John Rogers, chief character, had to take between salvaging a butterfly which turns out to be an unknown species, or between the timber factory. Which would hold to be closed in order to salvage the butterfly. Every adult male in the town worked in that factory. Everyone in town expected him to bury about the butterfly and maintain things the manner they were earlier, but he didn # 8217 ; Ts listen to them, he did what he thought was right, and he saved the butterfly. The 2nd book # 8220 ; Mr. Tucket # 8221 ; though me non justice people by the manner they look. For illustration: Mr. Tucket wanted to hold a shot competition with Mr. Grimes. He bet money that he could win, he idea that he could win because Mr. Grimes had merely one arm. Well he lost, it turns out that Mr. Grimes is twice every bit fast as Mr. Tucket. Mr. Tucket judged his opposition by what he looked like, non by his accomplishment. Some books have hidden subjects, that you have to look deep for, while others have unfastened subjects, that may intend different things to different people.Those are my three regulations for good authorship. When of all time I write I try to follow them.

the schlifflen plan essays

the schlifflen plan essays In 1905, General Alfred von Schlieffen, who at that time was the Chief of the General Staff of Germany, developed a plan for war in Europe. He developed the plan in an attempt to prepare for the inevitable, a two front war with France and Russia. When he developed the plan he took in account all aspects of the many events that were occurring during that time. Unfortunately, the plan would involve a violation of the International Agreement, signed by the Great Powers in 1839, guaranteeing Belgiums permanent neutrality. Schlieffen believed that France would attempt to recover Alsace-Lorraine. He planned to draw the French into a major offensive battle in Alsace. While Frances attention was turned to that part of the country, 90% of the German Army would storm through Belgium and the Netherlands toward the South of Paris in a sweeping movement. This would allow the German forces to travel through the borders of Belgium, Netherlands, and the surrounding country side toward the South Paris, entrapping the French Army between the two German forces. This would allow Germany to attack the French army from their weaker point in the rear. With the French Army engaged in war with the other 10% of the German Army, the French would not notice the Germans coming from the rear. The Germans coming form the rear would push the French forward, trapping them between the two German forces. William the Second, the Emperor of Germany, replaced General Schlieffen with Helmuth von Moltke, as the Chief of the Gen eral Staff of Germany in 1906. Moltke modified the Schlieffen Plan from the original version. The Schlieffen Plan was a very engenus plan. The plan was devised for the German troops to be dispersed as follows: 1) 11 corps and 7 Reserve corps South of Namur 2) 6 corps and 1/2 Reserve corps through Mezieres 3) 8 corps and 5 Reserve corps through Verdun and Metz 4) 3 corps and 1 Reserve corps th...

Final Exa, Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Final Exa, - Essay Example Solution A is hypotonic; B is isotonic while that of C is hypertonic. In the case of the solution A, the celery cell will imbibe water molecule and bulge due to osmosis. In the case of solution B, there will be no change in the shape of the celery cell (Campbell, & Reece, 2005). This is because they are of equal concentration and water molecules will be getting into the cell and leaving at the same rate. Lastly, in the solution C, the celery cell will lose shape due to loss of water molecules from the cell-the surrounding is more concentrated than the cell with solute (Campbell, & Reece, 2005). 59. The genotypes of the offspring’s will be; pP-Yy, Pp-Yy, Pp-yy, pp-yy. The phenotypes of the off springs then will be 2 yellow and plump, 1 yellow and shrunken, 1 purple and shrunken. These phenotypes are demonstrated in that manner because P and Y are dominant genes and will always prevail. 60. One of the major environmental problems facing the world is the release of greenhouse gas into the atmosphere resulting into the increased global warming. The problem is much palpable in the heavily industrialized nations that embrace technology and machinery in large scale. The release of chlorofluorocarbons, methane, carbon monoxide and other gases regarded as greenhouse gases do contribute to the entire global warming. 61. Some structures are only found in plant and not in animals these includes; Cell wall, chloroplast, and cell vacuole. The cell wall helps in the maintenance of turgor pressure experienced by the plant cell when they imbibe more water. The chloroplasts on the other hand do help the plant with the provision of chlorophyll with is the sole light trapper for the process of photosynthesis to take place. The cell vacuole also plays a very important role in the maintenance of the plant structure. 62. The term biome is used to refer to the terrestrial habitats. In the Biome, the climatic systems tend to condition certain characteristics on the plant and

Critique of a Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critique of a Memo - Essay Example It also gives recommendations based on the costs analysis and the employees’ opinions. The analysis of the overtime cost shows that the addition of 150 units daily would costs about 388.54 or 2.59 dollars per unit. On the contrary, the cost of the extra 150 units daily in the second shift would be about 421 or 2.81 dollars in every unit. The analysis clearly shows that the use of overtime will be less costly compared to the second shift production by about 0.22 dollars and 32.32 dollars per unit. However, the corporation should execute the second shift strategy since employees are not willing to work extra hours. The company should not force the workers to work overtime. The use of visuals has been used for easier comprehension of analysis of the cost. They have helped in showing the comparison of the cost of the two strategies. However, I think there is need for improvement in the use of visuals. For instance, the tables and the graphs do not show the precise costs of every unit in every strategy used. I think I should have given the average cost of one unit in another column on the tables. For instance, the title of the tables explains that the table is supposed to give the cost per unit. However, this is not what has been presented in the table. It only shows the cost of between 75 units to 600 units. I think I also presented my arguments clearly with the support of the analysis. For instance, I was able to prove that the use of overtime will be less expensive compared to production shift. In addition, I supported my argument as to why the organization should not implement the overtime strategy based on workers’ negative attitudes towards it. However, I think I should have supported this argument by explaining the exact reasons for the worker’s rejection of the overtime strategy. I also think that the precise explanations will improve the memo. For instance, in the recommendation section I should have explained why the cost of

Personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 10

Personal Statement Example I may not be the brightest student, but I have always been especially proud of the dedication and fervor I possess for my study and work. My parents were an inspiration for me in my selection of area of study due to the fact that they are businesspeople. They are both engaged in business activities. I was exposed to the business world since a very young age. For me the study of business has been a very rewarding experience. My job experience includes doing auxiliary accounting work at my sister’s jewelry store. I was responsible for preparing the all four major accounting statements which include the income statement, balance sheet, statement of retained earnings, and statement of cash flow. At this job I was exposed to the entire accounting cycle. Two of the extracurricular activities that I have done during my tenured at University of Keele include Ping Pong Society and Start Britain Up which is business investment club. I have successfully organized many extra-curricular ac tivities. For example, I organized a ping pong society that has been profitable in University of Keele. There are lots of international students in my society. I also got lots of friends from different countries that speak different languages such as English, Spanish and Japanese. Being surrounded by a diverse group of people helped me improve my creativity, networking abilities and people skills. I’ve successfully organized ping pong matches twice. I learned how to coordinates different activities using theories from class. During my time at University of Keele I joined the club Start Britain Up. This club will invest in your concepts if a person has a good idea. I proposed an idea about a new toilet paper. My idea was to put liquid medicine ink on the toilet paper. Doing so can treat anal itching due to the liquid medicine. Even thought the idea did not get funded because it brought more pollution to the environment than regular toilet paper, I will continue to try to bring new ideas to market in the future. I am applying to study a master’s degree in business administration in either accounting, finance, management, or marketing. I selected the University of Queen Mary as my top choice because this academic institution has a great reputation. University of Queen Mary has an excellent business program. The school has a good environment and a good location. It’s located near London, the biggest city in the United Kingdom. I’m eager to start the next phase in my education by becoming a graduate student of business at University of Queen Mary. I’m an excellent candidate for the business graduate program. During my lifetime I’ve demonstrated that I am a hard working and dedicated student. I have excellent communication skills, analytical skills, and teamwork capabilities. In the business environment of the 21st century it is of utter importance to be able to work well with other employees. My desire to pursue a graduate degree occurred because I realize that the business world has become more competitive than ever before in the past. To be able to compete in the job market a professional has to pursue better educational credentials. One of the goals in the future upon graduation is to reach the managerial level. It will be easier for me to become a manager if I have a master’s degree in business. An MBA can help me greatly because I will learn how to solve complex business program, analyze vast amounts of data, and

Satisfying Customers Needs And Wants Marketing Essay

Satisfying Customers Needs And Wants Marketing Essay Marketing has often been defined in terms of satisfying customers needs and wants. Critics however maintain that marketing goes beyond that and creates needs and wants that did not exist before, According to these critics, marketers encourage consumers to spend more money than they should on goods and services they really do not need. Marketing process can be explained as creating value for customers and building customer relationship by doing this the organisation makes profit The various elements of marketing process can be classified as follow Fig 1 Understanding the market place and customers needs and wants is achieved through in-depth market research and thereby identifying a product gap or needs gap. This will involve trends , how to make things easier , comfortable, better and user friendly. In the early 80s there were few or no mobile phones. A thorough market research has created the need for mobile phones, then came the massive first generation mobile phones. This were later followed by smaller ones and these days we can see the smart phones with inbuilt cameras, time online movies and news ability to actual work from your mobile Samsung note to the new tablets. Every day specialist market research companies, innovators, technicians and scientist all work hand on hand to create a new niche market or brand that makes our lives much more comfortable. Even the pay as you go concept became apparent as people could not continue to pay the incredible high cost then been charged by manufacturers who were looking at ways to cover the cost of their research and development. So the critics may not be far from the truth but the ideal is marketers coming with ways and products that makes our lives easy. Design a customer driven marketing strategy. Marketing strategy is a long term means of achieving a corporate objective. If we take the example of the mobile phone industry where the likes of Samsung, IPhone, Nokia are in serious competition each as to design a marketing strategy to capture a share of the market. Like a military personnel will define the art of going to warfare. Marketing program that delivers superior value : This refers to the marketing mix that is the 4ps Usually referring to E. Jerome McCarthys  [1]  Ã‚  4 P classifications for developing an effective marketing strategy, which encompasses: product, price, placement (distribution) and promotion. When its a consumer-centric marketing mix, it  has been extended to include  three more Ps: people, process and physical evidence, and  three Cs: cost, consumer and competitor. Depending on the industry and the target of the marketing plan, marketing managers will take various approaches to each of the four Ps. The benefits and cost of marketing orientation Market orientation is the understanding of customers requirement and creation of marketing mix which will meet these needs. Market driven means the firms capability to understand, attract and keep valuable customers G. Armstrong and P. Kotler define marketing as social and managing process by which the individuals and groups procure what they need by creating and exchanging values with others.  [2]   A market-oriented company is in a position to achieve competitive advantage thanks to its unique innovative approach to customers. In addition to this, according to the opinion of P. R. Dickson, a competitive advantage should be understood in the sense of dynamics of competition. He expresses disagreement with the standpoint of neoclassic theory of market equilibrium and claims that the main characteristic of the market is its disequilibrium. He sees marketing as a science and skill of creating changes (disequilibrium) in the market in the manner that would provide for the changes that are beneficial for the company. Various responses of salespersons and customers to changes in supply and demand, thinks Dickson, create possibilities that could be used by the company that understands market. He underlines the importance of adjusting company to the market occurrences.  [3]   Benefits and cost of market orientation Figure 2: Customer relationship groups Source: G. Armstrong, P. Kotler, Marketing: An Introduction, 7. ed., Pearson/Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2005, p. 25. The above summaries the benefits and cost of market Orientation other advantages and disadvantages. Responding to Demand Building Customer Value Disadvantages Extensive and Expensive Research and Increased cost. Micro and Macro environmental factors that affect marketing Decision The micro environmental factors are factors that can be controlled by the organisation and relates directly with the business these are considered using the factors in fig 3 Micro Environmental factors Fig 3 Fig 4 shows how different public affects organisation. The public that affect the marketing decision of the yet they can be controlled and are regarded as micro are the relation with the following members of this public e.g Financial public this is based on say for example the organisations annual returns. Fig 4 Macro Environmental Factors The Target market for mobile phones companies and IT companies are more likely to be the high income earning spectrum of the society or the new graduates and the city bankers and young people in the top echelon of society who will be able to afford the integrated packages that are about to be launched into the market very soon The package will include home entertainment, office package, security package, phone and video calls and financial/banking package all launched as one integrated hand held device. Market segmentation, and Target is followed by positioning, this should be developed and implemented by creating an image for the product, profiling the target market, High Tech gadgets like this integrated hand held device will be bought based on the technical specification what comfort or ease of doing a task it provide. Buying Behaviourur is the way and act of people involved in buying and using products. To understand these we need to consider, why a buyer will make a purchase, what factors influence will influence a buyer to buy a certain product. Buying Behaviour refers to how people will behave when buying a certain product. A firm needs to consider and study buying behaviourur and peoples reactions to the organisation marketing strategy has this will have great impact on the firms success. The marketing concept show how a marketing mix (MM) that satisfies (gives utility to) customers, hence it important to understand the what, where, when and how consumers buy. Stages of the Consumer Buying Process There are Six Stages to the Consumer Buying Decision Process (For complex decisions). Problem Recognition Information search The evoked set. Evaluation of Alternatives Purchase decision- Post Purchase decision Buying behaviour is often determined by the level of consumer involvement in the purchase decisions, the importance and level of interest the consumer decisions is determined by the motivation to seek information about the product or service. High involvement purchase such as buy a luxury car or other expensive items. Also the element of risk involved in the use of the product that is the social risk and the economic risk. The four type of consumer buying behaviour: Routine Response/Programmed Behaviourr, Limited Decision Making, Extensive Decision Making/Complex, impulse buying, Routine Response/Programmed behaviour this are low involvement very little or no decision effort is required E.g. A can drink . Limited Decision Making- This are product bought occasionally example are like clothing but not brands Extensive Decision Making/Complex: This involves unfamiliar, expensive and infrequently bought goods. It involves a high degree of economic performance, and psychological risk. e.g. cars, homes, computers, it also involves a lot of time seeking information and deciding. and consumers will go through all six stages of the buying process. Impulse buying, this are purchase which are unplanned it like buying chewing gum in the Conner shop without actually thinking about it. Also prices at time lead to impulse buying. They are usually low valued items. Ethan Lyon said The goal of market positioning is to find the ideal opportunity in the market based on customer needs, market forces and financial and strategic considerations. Once the market opportunity is identified then the organisation can further develop its product and elevate its brand to deliver outstanding value. To clarify the market position, the firm will need to find an overarching theme, then define the details. (sparxoo.com) Brand Idea-The idea is an aspirational concept it defines the idea of what the company. For example the Samsung note goes with the concept of designed for human Value Proposition- A customer or a consumer buyers the Samsung note they see high value and high quality Differentiating Attributes-Samsung has distinguished itself from Apple by targeting the main stream yet providing quality and comparable or better phones than those provided by Apple Word count1450

Rock Music :: essays research papers

Rock is a popular form of music that has evolved over the past couple of decades starting in the 1950s until present day. Rock music has been know to be used as a form of expression over the years. Despite its sometimes negative and defiant lyrics, rock is a form of art that allows one to release his/her feelings through singing in an expressive tone. I personally don’t see problem with people expressing their emotions and that is in part why I dont’t agree with Richard Brookhiser in stating that,‘‘Rock is a popular culture that aims downward in terms of class and age instead of aiming up. Rather than aspiring, it desire.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I feel that everyone should have a way of expressing themselves in any way or art form that they feel is necessary. Rock music is just a form of letting people let out their anger and agression and not hold it inside. I’d rather see our society release our troubles in a musical form rather than in a violent one. There are much more things to worry about than to stress over rock music bringing culture down.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this day and age I strongly believe that Rock music helps more than it harms those who listen to it. Unlike Mr. Brookhiser’s views I see rock as being an outlet rather than a downfall. Rock music should be taken for nothing more than just a form of music. Whether its R&B, rap, jazz or rock music is just music and it shouldn’t be held accountable for peoples wrong doings. Rock, just like other types of music should be given the same freedoms and rights to be played and heard by those who want to listen.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People who have the same views as Mr. Brookhiser would be best to just not listen to Rock music at all and not comment on it. To say rock is responsible for aiming downward in class and age is putting too much responsibility on music rather than the people. We all have brains and the ability to distinguish from right and wrong. I understand that some of the lyrics that are said in rock music may be offensive but that should not make it be blamed for bringing down the society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If you want to sit down and discuss whats bringing down the society, issues such as drugs and single parent families would be more relavent.

Credit card Essay

1.0 Background of credit cards The general-purpose credit card was born in 1966 by the Bank of America. Today, Master card and Visa are the well-known international credit card companies in Europe and their cards are accepted in more than 24 million outlets worldwide. Credit cards work to make attractive revenues to credit card companies, banks and retail sales. Nowadays, credit cards have such high interest that they are no longer attractive to purchases the unnecessary items. Credit cards are primarily seems to be used on important events to avoid indebtedness. The used of credit cards started up with individual firms, like oil companies as well as hotel chains, began to issue them to their customers. At first, these cards were just involves between the merchants who offer these cards to their customers and it had been proved to be a major way of ensuring customer loyalty. Later on, the companies began to accept each other’s cards to expand the uses of credit cards. The first bank issued credit card was the Charge-it, which came up in 1946. The card was introduced by John Biggins and was issued by the Flatbush National Bank of Brooklyn in New York. In this, the merchants could deposit the sales slips into the bank and it would in turn get it from the customers. Then, in 1950s, the Diners Club credit card was issued. The card was invented by Frank McNamara, who was the founder of Diner’s Club. MasterCard was then been introduced in 1959, these cardholders no longer had to make the full payment on or before the due date, it gave customers greater flexibility in managing their money. In Australia, the first credit card was issued in 1974. It is known as a Bankcard, was a shared brand credit card and was issued by the Australia financial institutions, and functioned only in limited locations such as Australia, New Zealand, and the Cook Islands. The card soon caught the fancy of the entire region and dominated the credit card market in Australia, during the late 1980’s. A report shows that Bankcards were applied by around 2.3million users in Australia and accepted by 350,000 establishments in 2004. Besides that, the earlier cards were made from metal coins, plates, as well as celluloid, fiber and paper. These days however they are mostly made of plastic.  The usefulness of credit cards and charge cards is actually similar but the only different is the credit balances due date and the amount have to be pay. A charge card is actually a type of credit card that require you to pay your total balance in full at the end of each billing cycle instead of making payment on the lowest limit of the total balances. The cardholders won’t pay any interest on a charge card balance because they are not allowed to carry a balance beyond the due date. However, they’ll face a late fee if their full balance didn’t paid by the due date, the late fee could be a flat fee or a percentage of their balance. A charge card is typically issued by one company these days, America Express such as Amex’ Zync, Green, Gold, and Platinum cards. A credit card, on the other hand, allows you to have a revolving balance that you can pay off over a period of time. Credit cards also have a late fee that’s charged when the cardholders didn’t make their minimum payment by the due date. So nowadays, people are preferred to use credit cards more than charge cards because of the due date and the amount that must pay on due date. However, credit cards may cause more terrible debts than the charge cards. 2.0 Related information 2.1 Types of credit cards There’s two types of credit cards which are variable payment cards (VPC) and fixed repayment card. The VPC is a credit card which allows users to make purchases of variable sizes but limited to the credit limit imposed by the company. The fixed repayment cards allow users access to one month’s credit but with settlement of a minimum payment, say, 15% of the balance. 2.2 Advantages of credit cards and charge cards 2.2.1 Provide a means of obtaining credit The financial institutions which provides credit cards and charge cards products is actually issue credit or loan to the cardholders because when the customers spend money by using credit cards or charge cards, they can enjoy the goods and services first before they really have to pay for it,  which means that they can buy the goods and services by credit but not cash. Although credit means that owe to the financial institution but as long as customers able to pay before the due date, it is a very convenience way to shopping with the credit cards and charge cards. 2.2.2 Interest free credit is given from a week to 4 weeks Financial institutions actually didn’t charge interest on credit to the credit card holders and charge card holders during the first 4 weeks after they spend on it, so customers may spend as much as they want within their credit card or charge card’s limit without making any burden to themselves. But the most important is they have to remember to pay the credit within the first 4 weeks, or else interest on credit will be charge by the financial institution. 2.2.3 Easier to use as payment than cheques Credit cards and charge cards are easier to use as payment than cheques because they are just a small and flat plastic cards which can easily keep in wallet compared to the cheques that need to bring along the cheque book to make payment. Cheque book is very inconvenience to bring along especially without bringing a bag, it have to be hold on hand and it can be dirty, folded and wet easily, once its messy, most probably it will be return by the financial institution after make payment by cheques. Credit cards and charge cards can be dirty too but it can be wiped by tissue or cloth easily and even if its wet also not a problem to continue use it to make payment. 2.2.4 Cardholders can also withdraw cash over the counter or from an ATM Credit cards and charge cards not only can be function on the credit card machine such as MBF machine, it also can be use to withdraw cash over the counter in the financial institution or from an ATM. Although the financial institution will charge the cardholders on withdraw cash by using the credit cards or charge cards, but when the cardholders need cash for emergency case especially during midnight, it can be easily withdraw cash from an ATM. 2.2.5 Global acceptance Cardholders can enjoy goods and services by using credit cards and charge  cards in any countries because it is acceptable in global. It will be very convenience especially during travel or a business trip, cardholders don’t have to look for foreign currency exchange, all they need is just a credit card or charge card will do. Even when they really need cash at overseas, they can withdraw cash through an ATM or over the counter, so they don’t have to scare any robbery when they take out their cash in an unfamiliar countries. 2.2.6 Easy bill payments and earn reward points Cardholders are able to make their bill payments through online banking savings account, by cash or cheque at the financial institution branches, standing instruction and Cash Deposit Machines ( CDM ) or Cheque Deposit Machines ( QDM ) easily. They just have to pay it monthly and when they spent money using the credit cards and charge cards, they will earn reward points which can be used to redeem gifts from the financial institution. So some people might think that if they spent money by cash or cheque, they get nothing extra like the reward points but if they spent money by using credit cards or charge cards they might get extra gifts, it will be more worth than spending by cash or cheque. 2.2.7 Discount on other cooperate stores Some stores will cooperate with the financial institutions, so they will give discount to the specific financial institution’s cardholders when they spend on their stores by using their credit cards or charge cards, this will encourage the cardholders to spend more on their stores to get more discount. For example, Hong Leong Bank provides GSC-Hong Leong Credit Card, the ultimate movie card. The cardholders can enjoy 50% discounts up to RM100, subsequently up to 10% discounts on movie tickets purchase at all of the GSC outlets. 2.2.8 Provide 0% interest installment plan Some of the financial institution will provide 0% interest installment plan which the cardholders can purchase from those specific stores. For example, HSBC bank provide 0% interest installment plan for their credit card holders to purchase goods and services from a lot of shops such as Canon, Gintell, SASA Cosmetic and so on. That means the cardholders who don’t have enough budget also can enjoy the goods and services through the interest free installment plan without any guarantor needed. 2.3 Requirements to apply  credit cards and charge cards There are several requirements to apply credit cards and charge cards which are minimum age, minimum annual income and latest salary slips or relevant documents. At least 18 years old and above for the supplementary and between 21 to 65 years old for principal to apply credit cards and charge cards, this is required by every financial institutions in Malaysia. For the minimum annual income, it depends on financial institutions, they have different requirements on different types of cards. For example, CIMB required RM 24,000 per annum to apply the classic card, RM 30,000 per annum to apply the gold card and RM 60,000 per annum to apply the platinum card. For the charge cards, Maybank provides three types of charge cards only. The American Express Personal Card required RM 30,000 per annum, American Express Gold Card required RM 48,000 and The Platinum Card required RM 190,000 per annum to apply it. 3.0 Current issues of product 3.1 Addicted in using credit cards and charge cards will lead to debt disaster Most of the cardholders will become addicted in spending by using credit cards and charge cards because of at the moment they use the cards they actually don’t have to pay for what they purchases, at least they get to enjoy first before they really need to pay for it. Besides that, purchases with cards and cash have the different feeling, purchases with cash will be not willing to pay for it due to consumers have a clear picture that their cash is really flowing out from their pocket while purchases with cards won’t really feel about that because when you’re not looking at your money flowing out, you won’t feel that it’s actually already been spent by credit. So, this kind of bad habit will make cardholders overspend without realize especially to the shopaholics, therefore it will lead to financial difficulties. There’s still a lot of Malaysian suffering from the credit cards’ debts, some of them just able to pay the lowest limit of th eir debts every month due to the high interest rate charged, it is quite similar to loan sharks as they just able to pay back the interest of credits every month and became a burden which they unable to bear. 3.2 High interest rate of credits Most of the financial institutions in Malaysia offered tiered interest as per Bank Negara Malaysia credit card interest rate structure. The tiered interest rate structure rewards those cardholders who willing to pay their credit card bills in time. For those who pay credit card bills in time for every month in a year will only be charged 13.5% per annum for the interest rate, those who pay credit card bills in time for at least 10 months in a year will be charged higher interest rate than pay in every month which are 16% per annum, while those who pay credit card bills in time for less than 9 months in a year will be punished on the interest rate charged with 17.5% per annum which are the highest interest rate charged in Malaysia. So, for those who pay every month consecutively for a year will get to enjoy a lower interest rate on the 13th month compared to those who didn’t pay the bills every month consecutively for a year. However, some financial institutions offer a lower interest rate. For example, Affin Bank credit card offer 9.99% per annum on the interest rate of credit card bills and AMEX gold credit card is only 9% per annum. So, cardholders will have to choose wisely before they apply the credit cards. Normally financial institutions only require cardholders to pay the lowest limit every month which is 5% or RM50 depends on whichever higher of the total outstanding balance of their credit card bills. But they will have to take a long time to clear all the outstanding balance without any new spending if they only make lowest limit payment. Apart from the high interest rate, cardholders are also subjected to finance charges which will be imposed from the day the transaction is posted to the card account if they just make partial payment or less than that on or before the payment due date. Cardholders will have to make full payments every month consecutively to avoid the finance charges and also get to enjoy the interest free credit for retail transactions for 20 days on retail transactions but it’s not including the cash advance, balance transfer and installment payment plan programs. Even the cardholders didn’t make payment on or before the due date, they also subjected to late payment charges minimum of RM5 or 1% of total outstanding balance, whichever is higher, and  it will be up to RM50. 3.3 Declared bankrupt due to credit card debts There are 41 of the Malaysian declared bankrupt every day on average and most of the reason is because of the credit card debts. The Federation of Malaysian Consumers Associations ( FOMCA ) had discovered that most of those who declared bankrupt due to credit card debts were below 40 years old because of their poor financial management, they didn’t think wisely on what they’ve spent and don’t care about the consequences they need to face for the rest of their life. It is very tough to face financial difficulties too early in life and they are actually not mature enough to manage on their financial. For those cardholders who always overspend and unable to make full payment on the credit card bills, the outstanding balances will still remaining and it will become more and more expensive due to the high interest rate charged by the issuers. Usually most of the credit card debts are from the moderate income group because the financial institution only issue credit cards to those who earn at least RM 24,000 per annum, so if they didn’t settle the full payment every month, they will have to suffer from the high interest rate charged and unable to settle the credit card bills easily especially for those who owned more than one credit cards unless they stop spending by using the credit cards and they will need around 2 years to settle the outstanding balances. 3.4 Insecure in using credit cards and charge cards Nowadays there are many cases on the fraud of credit cards due to the technological advances such as exists of hackers, insecure websites during payment and so on. Some of the consumers rather use cash instead of credit cards if they lack of information on credit cards protection. The fraudsters are always creative on thinking a new way to steal the information of the cardholders. The credit card phone activation scam is to cheat the owner of the cardholders’ in order to ask them call a number to activate their new credit cards from their own home number, after the card is activated, the card can be used fraudulently. Just a phone call and the legitimate credit card owner will become a pitiful victim that have to pay the amount from spending that doesn’t recognize which may lead the victim to bankrupt. Some of the credit card scammers might steal or trick the cardholders to tell them the security code and then make purchases over the internet or the telephone. Once they know the credit card’s PIN, they could get cash advances from any of the ATM using a duplicated credit card where the legitimate cardholders’ details have been copied into the magnetic strip of another card. The most popular credit card fraud is use credit card numbers to online purchases in unknown websites which we not sure whether it is a secure website or not. Most of the cardholders didn’t check the safety of making payment with their credit card numbers during online purchases, it is a very dangerous case that will loss a large amount for the careless consequences. In addition, fraudsters also targeting the cardholders through email links and attachments. Once they click on the links or open the attachments they reveal themselves to computer viruses that can detect their keystrokes when they log on to their accounts. 3.5 Teenagers struggle to get control of credit card debt Recent laws designed to prevent young adults from running into credit card debt, it seems teenagers haven’t been doing enough on their own to find debt relief. Parents who want their teenagers to learn to use credit responsibly and effectively often try to train them by giving them a credit card of their own, co-signed by one of the parent and for only a low credit limit. Most teenagers still, however, struggle with some aspects of credit card management, including paying them on time. Few of the teenagers know how to properly manage their accounts, but most of them failed to do so. According to a study entitled Financial Literacy and Credit Cards: A Multi Campus Survey, published in the International Journal of Business and Social Science, about 36 percent of teenagers have two or more credit cards in their name. The report said, just 9.4 percent of those polled said they pay their balances off in full at the end of every month and very few actually knew the cost of their acc ount. Only 14.6 percent of them knew the interest rate on their card, while 24.3 percent and 29.2 percent claimed knowledge of their late payment and over-balance penalty fees, respectively. Altogether,  only about 10 percent said they knew all three. They pay little attention to interest rates, terms, and card features. The card they choose may set them up for failure right from the start. In addition, many young people are not adequately educated about credit cards and debt. They may know that you have to pay the money back, but they may not be prepared to understand the effect of high interest rates, minimum payments and the devastating effect that late payments can cause. And when most young people have relatively low-paying or part-time jobs, it can become difficult to keep up with credit card payments. There are some reasons teenagers struggle with credit cards. The first reason is teenagers don’t make enough money. Teenagers often have a very narrow scope of the world and of financial matters in particular. For example, they often simply don’t see that they won’t be able to pay off the expensive new sound system for their car on their Rm150 a week part time job. They also get sucked in by the minimum payment offer and don’t really consider how much interest they will be paying in the longer term. Besides that, teenagers believe that their parents will rescue them. Teenagers may not admit it, but they need their parents to get them out of trouble. Often, these young adults will spend their credit card limit foolishly because they believe that if they really can’t pay it their parents will step in and rescue them, as most parents lend a helping hand when their child is in trouble. Also, they may believe that their parents will fix their damaged credit history if they end up with a poor credit score later. 4.0 Recommendations / Suggestions / Opinions 4.1 The ways of using credit cards and charge cards intelligently 4.1.1 Choose wisely When selecting a credit card, be aware of all of the interest rate and repayment options. Compare different cards based on your needs and your ability to pay all purchases in full. There are several things that need to be consider wisely which are a low annual percentage rate (APR), which will reduce the interest you have to repay, the interest calculation method which can change how much interest you pay, low or no annual fees, which issuers might charge, all other charges such as late payment fees, transaction fees, over the limit fees and others which can add to the total cost of your charges, credit limits for cardholders should be low, and the services and  features such as cash rebates, frequent flyer miles, extended warranties, convenience checks. 4.1.2 Don’t spend more than you can afford to pay on a monthly basis You can make wise decisions about purchasing items you need versus those you simply want. We’ve all used the word â€Å"need† to describe something we really just wanted badly. Using your credit card responsibly and recognize which things you really need and which you just want. Responsible use of your credit cards will help you establish a solid credit rating and avoid financial problems. 4.1.3 Keep track of your spending It is important to monitor more often than once per month when you receive your statement of credit cards. You should check your account online frequently, save receipts and keep accurate records, consider signing up for balance notices and billing statement notifications from your credit card provider. 4.1.4 Keep an accurate record of the following in case your card is lost or stolen Keep the important informations in a secure and safe place at home such as account number, issuer’s name, phone number, and photo copy of the front and back of the card. 4.1.5 Don’t apply for credit that you don’t need Although your first few credit card accounts build and improve your credit score, there’s a point when acquiring more will reduce your score. Where that point is, no one knows, but generally, two or three cards are all you need. You should say â€Å"no, thanks† when the cashier offers 10% off your purchase in exchange for filling out the store’s credit application. In my opinion, store credit cards aren’t necessary and the interest rates are horrendous, unless there’s some overriding benefit that will offset the ding in your credit- like getting Rm500 off a Rm2000 refrigerator. 4.2 The ways to reduce credit card debts 4.2.1 Hide your credit cards The first step is to hide your credit cards in a place where you could access them in an absolute emergency, but that they’d be very difficult to find. For example, put them in a little box way in the back up in the attic, freeze them in a big chunk of ice, or hide them in the back of the cupboard at your mother’s house. Make sure it’s somewhere where you can’t easily  access them. Then, go to every online account where you use a credit card regularly and delete your credit card numbers there. For example, Amazon, PayPal, and World of War craft. Make sure that you’re not forgetting anything. If you absolutely must retain a service, use a debit card number instead of a credit card number. Why should you do this? Your credit card balances need to go down, but not up and the biggest step in doing that is to break yourself of the habit of using them without a connection to the real money you’re spending. That means going back to using cash, che cks, and debit cards. If you don’t actually have the money, you’re not spending it. 4.2.2 Write a budget plan To start reducing your credit card you need to work out where you’ve been going wrong and ensure you do not continue to mount up further debt. You can start by writing down a list of all your monthly incomings such as wages, dividends from shares or interest from savings and so on. Following this, write a list of all your regular outgoings such as mortgage or rent payments, personal loans, council rates, utility, phone and internet bills, fuel and vehicle maintenance, insurance, health and groceries. Besides that, don’t forget to you include other aspects of your life such as entertainment, eating out and clothes shopping. Once you have these figures you can calculate your monthly cash flow by adding up your total incomings and subtracting your total outgoings. Hopefully your incomings will exceed your outgoings leaving you with positive monthly cash flow. However, if you find your outgoings exceed your incomings you have negative cash flow and are pushing yourself furt her into debt each month. Next, search through your expenses for areas where you could cut back. Maybe you are eating out too often or treating yourself to more new clothes or shoes than you really need. You need some nice treats to look forward to but make a budget for non-essentials and entertainment and stick to it. You can then use the spare cash flow each month towards paying off your debts. 4.2.3 Figure out what you owe and what the interest rates are The next step is to dig out the most recent statements for all of your credit card bills and determine exactly how much you owe and what the interest rates on each of the bills is. This information should be easily found on your most recent statement, but if you’re having difficulty finding the information, call up your credit card  provider and get that information. You should be making a list of all of these: credit card name/type, current balance, and interest rate. This helps when you develop a plan, you can use this master list to figure out which credit card to pay first. 4.2.4 For teenagers’ problem, it’s still up to the parent If parents want their children to have good spending habits and resist the temptation that can come with having a credit card, it’s up to parents to educate them. Teenagers need to know the benefits of having a card and the devastating consequences that can come from misuse. As parents, they need to sit down with their sons or daughters before they head off on their own. Discuss the reasons why it’s important to have a credit card and credit history. Also, parents should help teenagers find a good credit card so they don’t end up signing up for the first one they come across. Once teenagers obtain a card, make a purchase and walk them through the process of making the monthly payment. Either by check or electronically so they know what to expect and are familiar with the process. Finally, go over the ground rules. Parents should explain exactly what the credit card should be used for and who is responsible for the payments. If parents take the time to educate tee nagers at a young age so they can establish credit in a responsible manner, they will be in a position to hit the ground running with a solid credit history and have established sound financial habits going forward. 4.3 The ways to solve unsecured credit cards Credit and charge card fraud costs cardholders and issuers hundreds of millions of dollars each year. While theft is the most obvious form of fraud, it can occur in other ways. For example, someone may use your card number without your knowledge. It’s not always possible to prevent credit or charge card fraud from happening. But there are a few steps you can take to make it more difficult for a crook to capture your card or card numbers and minimize the possibility. The best way to deal with credit card fraud is to avoid the crime altogether. Internet commerce is one of the most common places where credit card fraud occurs. Do research on the site and only give out your credit card if the transaction is secure and the vendor is reputable. To verify a site is secure, before using, check out the â€Å"security  or encryption† software used to see if is reliable. If you are unsure of a vendor, look for a physical address and be wary of temporary addresses, such as PO box es. Cardholder has to be cautious when responding to special, unsolicited email offers and to avoid overseas vendors. Besides that, by keeping a list of all your credit cards and account information will help you to avoid uncertain problems. If you notice anything suspicious, refer to your handy list, and call the authorities immediately. To prevent credit card and charge card fraud, don’t lend your card to anyone or leave it lying around. When you sign a receipt, draw a line through any blank spaces above the total. Write your account number on a postcard or the outside of an envelope. Give out your account number over the phone unless you’re making the call to a company you know is reputable. If you have questions about a company, check it out with your local consumer protection office or Better Business Bureau. 5.0 Conclusion As a conclusion, we can know more related information about credit cards and charge cards. By using credit card can make consumers more convenient yet troublesome. All are stated in advantages and disadvantages of credit cards and charge card’s part. Besides that , we have found out some current issue about credit card and charge card such as article about high interest rate of credit card, debt disaster and bankruptcy all these related articles. To solve these current issues and problems of credit card and charge card, we have recommended some ways such as how to use credit card intelligently, ways to solve unsecure credit card and ways to reduce credit card debts. Therefore, we should use credit card wisely to prevent the misuse and overuse of credit card. 6.0 References Internet The New York Times Company. ( 2012 ). The Difference Between Charge Card and Credit Card. Retrieved from http://credit.about.com/od/creditcardbasics/a/Charge-Card-vs-Credit-Card.htm. Maybank. ( 2011 ). Identity Theft. Retrieved from http://www.maybank2u.com.my/mbb_info/m2u/public/personalDetail04.do?channelId=CRD-Cards&cntTypeId=0&cntKey=CRD08.12&programId=CRD08-Utilities&chCatId=/mbb/Personal/CRD-Cards. Maybank. ( 2011 ). American Express Personal Card. Retrieved from http://www.maybank2u.com.my/mbb_info/m2u/public/personalDetail04.do?channelId=CRD-Cards&cntTypeId=0&cntKey=CRD02.01&programId=CRD02-ChargeCards&chCatId=/mbb/Personal/CRD-Cards. CIMB Group. ( 2012 ). CIMB Bank Credit Card. Retrieved from http://www.cimbbank.com.my/index.php?ch=cb_per_ca&pg=cb_per_ca_prod&ac=2&tpt=cimb_bank#. HSBC Bank Malaysia Berhad. ( 2012 ). 0% Interest Installment Plan. Retrieved from http://www.hsbc.com.my/1/2/personal-banking/credit-cards/smart-privileges/0-installment-plan/household-and-furniture. Hong Leong Bank Berhad. GSC-Hong Leong Gold & Platinum Credit Card. Retrieved from http://www.hlb.com.my/pfs/cc/ccgsc_fb.jsp?flag=ccgsc. Golden Screen Cinemas. ( 2012 ). GSC-Hong Leong Credit Card – The Ultimate Movie Card. Retrieved from http://www.gsc.com.my/gsceonbankcard/Default.aspx. Lawyerment.com. ( 2012 ). Shocking reasons why Malaysians are living beyond their means. Retrieved September 22, 2011 from http://www.lawyerment.com.my/boards/article-Malaysia_Business_Consumer_Bankruptcy_Law-1650.htm?Page=20. 1-million-dollar-blog.com. ( 2012 ). Credit Card Interest Rate, Charges & Debt Calculator. Retrieved January 18, 2011 from http://1-million-dollar-blog.com/credit-card-interest-rate-charges-debt-calculator/. The New York Times Company. ( 2012 ). Credit Card Fraud – Credit Card Phone Activation Scam. Retrieved from http://banking.about.com/od/securityandsafety/a/creditcardfraud.htm. Free Malaysia Today – Free and Independent. ( 2012 ). Nearly 50% of credit card holders gone bankrupt under 30. Retrieved from http://archive.freemalaysiatoday.com/fmt-english/news/general/3216-nearly-50-of-credit-card-holders-gone-bankrupt-under-30. Debtmerica, LLC. ( 2012 ). College kids struggle to ge t control of credit card debt. Retrieved from http://debtmerica.com/industry-news/11-credit-cards/1171-college-kids-struggle-to-get-control-of-credit-card-debt. Debtmerica, LLC ( 2012 ). Consumers doing a better job making payments on time. Retrieved from http://debtmerica.com/industry-news/11-credit-cards/1168-consumers-doing-a-be

Security vs. Privacy essays

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